Prevalence of Pelvic Floor Muscle Injury as an Impact of Operative Vaginal Delivery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 Department of obstetrics and gynecology , faculty of medicine , Cairo university

2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, 1Cairo University, 2New Giza University, Egypt

Abstract

Objective: Establishing the rates of pelvic floor muscle (levator ani muscle) injury in patients following operational vaginal delivery (OVD) as determined by 3D/4D transperineal ultrasound was the aim of this meta-analysis. Methodology: Up until December 2023, a thorough search was conducted across the MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase databases. Included were studies on primiparous women who had been diagnosed with levator muscle tears after forceps delivery (FD) or ventouse delivery (VD) using 3D/4D transperineal ultrasound. Results: Of the 1274 studies that satisfied the eligibility requirements, 26 were included in the study as a result of the search. The computed joint odds ratios were 1.93 (95% CI: 1.31–2.86) for VD over normal vaginal delivery (NVD), 5.33 (95% CI: 3.78–8.11) for FD versus NVD, and 2.36 (95% CI: 1.46–3.84) for FD versus VD. Conclusion: Pelvic floor muscle damage is more common in vaginal deliveries performed with forceps or vacuum. It is impossible to determine if the particular instrument or the delivery method used in the instrumentation itself is to blame for this harm.

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