Measurement of Endometrial Thickness by Trans-vaginal Ultrasound and its Correlation with Body Mass Index and Endometrial Biopsy Results in Post-Menopausal Bleeding

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt

2 Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.

3 Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shebeen Elkoom Teaching Hospital, Menoufia, Egypt.

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the correlation between endometrial thickness as measured through transvaginal ultrasound and body mass index (BMI), with the findings of subsequent histopathological examinations in instances of bleeding after menopause.
Study Design: An observational study.
Subjects and Methods: This study included 95 women experiencing bleeding post-menopause. These participants were selected from the outpatient departments of obstetrics and gynecology at Benha University Hospital. Based on the findings, participants were divided into two categories: a malignant group of 13 and a benign group of 82.
Results: There was a notable difference in the average endometrial thickness between the groups, with the malignant group presenting an average thickness of 28.54mm (± 5.19) and the benign group showing 14.4mm (± 6.07). A significant direct relationship was observed between BMI and the thickness of the endometrium. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve for endometrial thickness indicated its utility in malignancy prediction, presenting a threshold value of >21.18mm with an 85.73% specificity. Similarly, the ROC curve for BMI identified a predictive cutoff value of >32.57 with an 86.59% specificity. Logistic regression was utilized to predict malignancy, indicating a significant association between endometrial thickness and cancer risk in both univariate and multivariate analyses.
Conclusion: The study identified that endometrial thickness greater than 21.18 mm and a BMI exceeding 32.57 serve as critical indicators for detecting endometrial disorders and cancers. Furthermore, it underscores the connection between obesity and the risk of endometrial carcinoma.

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